Battery inspection of Burkina Faso microgrid system

How does a microgrid system perform during an outage?

Initial system state and generator failure The performance of a microgrid system during an outage depends on the system configuration, when the outage occurs, and the outage duration. The system configuration is determined by the size and number of EDGs, along with the PV and battery sizes.

Which microgrid site has the largest sizing of PV and battery?

The California site has the largest sizing of PV and battery due to significant value from retail bill savings, demand response, and wholesale markets. The value achieved by the addition of PV and battery is large enough to offset the added cost of the microgrid, and this is the only site to have a positive net present value.

Does reliability affect a microgrid's performance during an extended grid outage?

The design of microgrids often ignores the reliability of the individual DERs and the full set of opportunities to reduce life cycle cost. The statistical methodology presented here calculates the impact of realistic reliability and variability on a microgrid’s performance during an extended grid outage.

What is a hybrid microgrid?

The hybrid microgrid consists of networked diesel generators, PV panels, and battery storage. To calculate the expected performance of the backup system for a given outage, we first determine the initial probabilities of being in each system state, which is dependent on the number of working generators and the battery initial state of charge (SOC).

How reliable is a diesel-only microgrid?

The diesel-only microgrid is assumed to have an N + 1 reliable configuration where the peak critical load is between the electric capacity of N − 1 and N EDGs. Reducing the number of EDGs by adding PV and BESS is explored as one of the value streams for a hybrid microgrid.

How does a battery generate revenue compared to a microgrid?

The battery achieves significant revenue from the frequency regulation market. The breakdown of wholesale revenue is about 60% from frequency regulation, 39% from energy, and less than 1% from spinning reserve. The demand response revenue is reduced compared to the diesel-only microgrid because of the reduced EDGs.