In this paper, a three-part electricity price mechanism is proposed based on a deep analysis of the construction and operation costs and economic income. The on-grid electricity price is divided into three parts: the capacity price, graded electricity price, and ancillary service price.
Regarding the cost sharing mechanism, it is suggested that the electricity capacity fee and pumping-loss fee should be all included in the allowable transmission and distribution costs of the regional power grids, which can be further transmitted to the provincial power grids.
The result indicates that the three-part electricity price can effectively promote the development of the PV-BESS power plants. When the proportion of BESS is high, which means that the investment costs of BESS is great, the three-part price proposed in this paper can effectively shorten the payback period of investment of the PV-BESS power plant.
However, there is no clear regulation of what channel to pass through the costs of PHESs, so the newly put into operation and the unregulated PHESs are faced with the difficulty of the normal settlement of the electricity price. Therefore, it is necessary to study the price dredging mechanism of PHES which is suitable for the present stage.
The allowable cost of the power grid is specified in the transmission and distribution tariff determination method. It includes the "ancillary service" fee (that is, the electricity capacity of the capacity) purchased by the grid enterprises from PHES.
The energy fee is mainly designed to make up for the variable costs such as PHES pumping and generation losses. In China, the pumping electricity for PHES is the 75% of local coal-fired units benchmark electricity price (considering desulfurization, denitrification, dust and other environmental protection electricity prices, the same below).
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