The best material for low temperature performance of batteries

Are lithium-ion batteries good at low temperature?

Modern technologies used in the sea, the poles, or aerospace require reliable batteries with outstanding performance at temperatures below zero degrees. However, commercially available lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) show significant performance degradation under low-temperature (LT) conditions.

How accurate are low-temperature battery models?

In addition to studying the performance of batteries at low temperatures, researchers have also investigated the low-temperature models of batteries. The accuracy of LIB models directly affects battery state estimation, performance prediction, safety warning, and other functions.

Can a low-temperature lithium battery be used as a ionic sieve?

Even decreasing the temperature down to −20 °C, the capacity-retention of 97% is maintained after 130 cycles at 0.33 C, paving the way for the practical application of the low-temperature Li metal battery. The porous structure of MOF itself, as an effective ionic sieve, can selectively extract Li + and provide uniform Li + flux.

Why do batteries need a low temperature?

However, faced with diverse scenarios and harsh working conditions (e.g., low temperature), the successful operation of batteries suffers great challenges. At low temperature, the increased viscosity of electrolyte leads to the poor wetting of batteries and sluggish transportation of Li-ion (Li +) in bulk electrolyte.

How to improve the low-temperature properties of lithium ion batteries?

In general, from the perspective of cell design, the methods of improving the low-temperature properties of LIBs include battery structure optimization, electrode optimization, electrolyte material optimization, etc. These can increase the reaction kinetics and the upper limit of the working capacity of cells.

Which electrolytes can be used for lithium ion batteries at low temperatures?

In short, the design of electrolytes, including aqueous electrolytes, solid electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, and organic electrolytes, has a considerable improvement in the discharge capacity of lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures and greatly extends the use time of batteries at low temperatures.