(This article first appeared in the Visual Capitalist Elements) The cells in the average battery with a 60 kilowatt-hour (kWh) capacity contained roughly 185 kilograms of minerals.
It is therefore of paramount importance for governments and industry to work to ensure adequate supply of battery metals to mitigate any price increases, and the resulting challenges for clean electrification.
The cells in the average battery with a 60 kilowatt-hour (kWh) capacity—the same size that’s used in a Chevy Bolt—contained roughly 185 kilograms of minerals. This figure excludes materials in the electrolyte, binder, separator, and battery pack casing.
EV batteries are complex structures that include various minerals, with the exact mix and quantities varying depending on the battery type. Here are the minerals that are make up the biggest portions of EV batteries: Both lithium-ion batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries contain manganese, nickel, and graphite, but in different quantities.
The mineral content is based on the ‘average 2020 battery’, which refers to the weighted average of battery chemistries on the market in 2020. The cells in the average battery with a 60 kilowatt-hour (kWh) capacity—the same size that’s used in a Chevy Bolt—contained roughly 185 kilograms of minerals.
Other materials include steel in the casing that protects the cell from external damage, along with copper, used as the current collector for the anode. There are several types of lithium-ion batteries with different compositions of cathode minerals. Their names typically allude to their mineral breakdown. For example:
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